refactor: implement UI code optimization and refactoring

This commit implements the comprehensive UI code refactoring plan to improve
code quality, reduce duplication, and enhance maintainability.

Phase 1: High Priority Improvements
- Create BaseDialog class to eliminate window centering code duplication
  across ProgressDialog, DeleteProgressWindow, LoginDialog, and
  UserSelectionDialog (~30 lines of duplicate code removed)
- Unify log color configuration with LogTheme class in gui/log_config.py
- Create permission check decorators (@require_admin, @require_permission,
  @require_user_type, @handle_errors)
- Update all dialog classes to use unified patterns

Phase 2: Architecture Improvements
- Create input validation framework (ValidationResult, Validator,
  ValidatedWidget classes)
- Implement StateManager with observer pattern for component state sharing
- Create unified ErrorHandler for consistent error handling
- Extract CheckboxTreeview into reusable component

New Modules:
- gui/widgets/base_dialog.py - Base dialog class with modal setup and centering
- gui/utils/decorators.py - Permission and error handling decorators
- gui/utils/error_handler.py - Unified error handling with user-friendly messages
- gui/utils/state_manager.py - State management with observer pattern
- gui/utils/validators.py - Input validation framework
- gui/material_validation/checkbox_treeview.py - Reusable checkbox table

Modified Files:
- gui/log_config.py - Added LogTheme class for centralized styling
- gui/widgets/log_text.py - Use LogTheme.COLORS
- gui/widgets/progress_dialog.py - Inherit from BaseDialog
- gui/widgets/delete_progress_window.py - Inherit from BaseDialog, use LogTheme
- gui/widgets/__init__.py - Add new exports, optional imports
- gui/login_dialog.py - Use unified centering pattern
- gui/user_selection_dialog.py - Use unified centering pattern
- gui/material_validation_tab.py - Import CheckboxTreeview from new module

Benefits:
- Reduced code duplication by ~200 lines
- Improved maintainability through centralized configuration
- Better abstraction with 5 new reusable base classes
- Enhanced type safety with type hints
- Future-proof theming support via LogTheme

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

gui/utils/error_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+Error Handler - 统一的错误处理器
+
+提供统一的错误处理机制，将技术错误转换为用户友好的消息
+"""
+import logging
+import traceback
+from tkinter import messagebox
+from typing import Optional, Type
+import sys
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ErrorHandler:
+    """
+    统一的错误处理器
+
+    将技术错误转换为用户友好的消息，并记录详细日志
+    """
+
+    # 错误类型到用户消息的映射
+    ERROR_MESSAGE_MAP = {
+        ConnectionError: "无法连接到服务器，请检查网络连接",
+        PermissionError: "权限不足，请联系管理员",
+        FileNotFoundError: "找不到指定的文件",
+        ValueError: "输入数据格式不正确",
+        TypeError: "数据类型错误，请检查输入",
+        KeyError: "数据缺失，请检查输入完整性",
+        TimeoutError: "操作超时，请重试",
+        RuntimeError: "运行时错误，请查看日志了解详情",
+    }
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def handle(
+        error: Exception,
+        context: str = "",
+        show_user: bool = True,
+        parent=None
+    ):
+        """
+        处理错误
+
+        记录详细日志，并可选择向用户显示友好的错误消息
+
+        Args:
+            error: 异常对象
+            context: 错误发生的上下文信息
+            show_user: 是否向用户显示错误消息
+            parent: 父窗口（用于显示消息框）
+        """
+        # 记录详细日志
+        error_message = str(error)
+        if context:
+            logger.error(f"{context}: {error_message}", exc_info=error)
+        else:
+            logger.error(error_message, exc_info=error)
+
+        # 显示用户友好的错误信息
+        if show_user:
+            user_message = ErrorHandler._get_user_message(error)
+            if context:
+                user_message = f"[{context}]\n{user_message}"
+
+            if parent:
+                messagebox.showerror("操作失败", user_message, parent=parent)
+            else:
+                messagebox.showerror("操作失败", user_message)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_user_message(error: Exception) -> str:
+        """
+        将技术错误转换为用户友好的消息
+
+        Args:
+            error: 异常对象
+
+        Returns:
+            用户友好的错误消息
+        """
+        # 检查是否为已知错误类型
+        for error_type, message in ErrorHandler.ERROR_MESSAGE_MAP.items():
+            if isinstance(error, error_type):
+                return message
+
+        # 未知错误类型
+        error_name = type(error).__name__
+        error_msg = str(error)
+
+        # 如果错误消息为空或只包含类名，返回通用消息
+        if not error_msg or error_msg == error_name:
+            return "操作失败，请查看日志了解详情"
+
+        # 返回简化的错误消息（不包含技术细节）
+        # 限制长度以避免消息过长
+        if len(error_msg) > 200:
+            return f"{error_msg[:200]}..."
+
+        return error_msg
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def handle_with_retry(
+        error: Exception,
+        context: str = "",
+        retry_callback: Optional[callable] = None,
+        parent=None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """
+        处理错误并提供重试选项
+
+        Args:
+            error: 异常对象
+            context: 错误发生的上下文信息
+            retry_callback: 重试回调函数
+            parent: 父窗口
+
+        Returns:
+            True 如果用户选择重试，False 否则
+        """
+        user_message = ErrorHandler._get_user_message(error)
+        if context:
+            user_message = f"[{context}]\n{user_message}"
+
+        user_message += "\n\n是否重试？"
+
+        if parent:
+            result = messagebox.askyesno("操作失败", user_message, parent=parent)
+        else:
+            result = messagebox.askyesno("操作失败", user_message)
+
+        if result and retry_callback:
+            try:
+                retry_callback()
+                return True
+            except Exception as e:
+                ErrorHandler.handle(e, f"{context} (重试)", True, parent)
+                return False
+
+        return result
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def log_exception(error: Exception, context: str = ""):
+        """
+        仅记录异常到日志，不显示用户消息
+
+        Args:
+            error: 异常对象
+            context: 错误发生的上下文信息
+        """
+        error_message = str(error)
+        if context:
+            logger.error(f"{context}: {error_message}", exc_info=error)
+        else:
+            logger.error(error_message, exc_info=error)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def show_warning(message: str, parent=None):
+        """
+        显示警告消息
+
+        Args:
+            message: 警告消息
+            parent: 父窗口
+        """
+        if parent:
+            messagebox.showwarning("警告", message, parent=parent)
+        else:
+            messagebox.showwarning("警告", message)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def show_info(message: str, parent=None):
+        """
+        显示信息消息
+
+        Args:
+            message: 信息消息
+            parent: 父窗口
+        """
+        if parent:
+            messagebox.showinfo("信息", message, parent=parent)
+        else:
+            messagebox.showinfo("信息", message)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def ask_confirmation(message: str, parent=None) -> bool:
+        """
+        询问用户确认
+
+        Args:
+            message: 确认消息
+            parent: 父窗口
+
+        Returns:
+            True 如果用户确认，False 否则
+        """
+        if parent:
+            return messagebox.askyesno("确认", message, parent=parent)
+        else:
+            return messagebox.askyesno("确认", message)